Venus in Furs

‘You were really in love with the costume, and awfully docile.’

‘You have taught me what love is. Your serene form of worship let me forget two thousand years.’

‘And my faithfulness to you was without equal!’

‘Well, as far as faithfulness goes –’

‘Ungrateful!’

‘I will not reproach you with anything. You are a divine woman, but nevertheless a woman, and like every woman cruel in love.’

‘What you call cruel,’ the goddess of love replied eagerly, ‘is simply the element of passion and of natural love, which is woman’s nature and makes her give herself where she loves, and makes her love everything that pleases her.’

‘Can there be any greater cruelty for a lover than the unfaithfulness of the woman he loves?’

‘Indeed!’ she replied. ‘We are faithful as long as we love, but you demand faithfulness of a woman without love, and the giving of herself without enjoyment. Who is cruel there – woman or man? You of the north in general take love too soberly and seriously. You talk of duties where there should be only a question of pleasure.’

‘That is why our emotions are honourable and virtuous, and our relations permanent.’

‘And yet you have a restless, always unsatisfied craving for the nudity of paganism,’ she interrupted, ‘but that love, which is the highest joy, which is divine simplicity itself, is not for you moderns, you children of reflection. It works only evil in you. As soon as you wish to be natural, you become common. To you nature seems something hostile; you have made devils out of the smiling gods of Greece, and out of me a demon. You can only exorcise and curse me, or slay yourselves in bacchantic madness before my altar. And if ever one of you has had the courage to kiss my red mouth, he makes a barefoot pilgrimage to Rome in penitential robes and expects flowers to grow from his withered staff, while under my feet roses, violets, and myrtles spring up every hour, but their fragrance does not agree with you. Stay among your northern fogs and Christian incense; let us pagans remain under the debris, beneath the lava; do not disinter us. Pompeii was not built for you, nor our villas, our baths, our temples. You do not require gods. We are chilled in your world.’

The beautiful marble woman coughed, and drew the dark sables still closer about her shoulders.

‘Much obliged for the classical lesson,’ I replied, ‘but you cannot deny that man and woman are mortal enemies, in your serene sunlit world as well as in our foggy one. In love there is union into a single being for a short time only, capable of only one thought, one sensation, one will, in order to be then further disunited. And you know this better than I; whichever of the two fails to subjugate will soon feel the feet of the other on his neck –’

‘And as a rule the man that of the woman,’ cried Madame Venus with proud mockery, ‘which you know better than I.’

‘Of course, and that is why I don’t have any illusions.’

‘You mean you are now my slave without illusions, and for that reason you shall feel the weight of my foot without mercy.’

‘Madame!’

‘Don’t you know me yet? Yes, I am cruel – since you take so much delight in that word – and am I not entitled to be so? Man is the one who desires, woman the one who is desired. This is woman’s entire but decisive advantage. Through his passion nature has given man into woman’s hands, and the woman who does not know how to make him her subject, her slave, her toy, and how to betray him with a smile in the end is not wise.’

‘Exactly your principles,’ I interrupted angrily.

‘They are based on the experience of thousands of years,’ she replied ironically, while her white fingers played over the dark fur. ‘The more devoted a woman shows herself, the sooner the man sobers down and becomes domineering. The more cruelly she treats him and the more faithless she is, the worse she uses him, the more wantonly she plays with him, the less pity she shows him, by so much the more will she increase his desire, be loved, worshipped by him. So it has always been, since the time of Helen and Delilah, down to Catherine the Great and Lola Montez.’

‘I cannot deny,’ I said, ‘that nothing will attract a man more than the picture of a beautiful, passionate, cruel, and despotic woman who wantonly changes her favourites without scruple in accordance with her whim –’

‘And in addition wears furs,’ exclaimed the divinity.

‘What do you mean by that?’

‘I know your predilection.’

‘Do you know,’ I interrupted, ‘that, since we last saw each other, you have grown very coquettish.’

‘In what way, may I ask?’

‘In that there is no way of accentuating your white body to greater advantage than by these dark furs, and that –’

The divinity laughed.

‘You are dreaming,’ she cried, ‘wake up!’ and she clasped my arm with her marble-white hand. ‘Do wake up,’ she repeated raucously with the low register of her voice. I opened my eyes with difficulty.

I saw the hand which shook me, and suddenly it was brown as bronze; the voice was the thick alcoholic voice of my Cossack servant who stood before me at his full height of nearly six feet. ‘Do get up,’ continued the good fellow, ‘it is really disgraceful.’

‘What is disgraceful?’

‘To fall asleep in your clothes and with a book besides.’ He snuffed the candles which had burned down, and picked up the volume which had fallen from my hand, ‘with a book by’ – he looked at the title page – ‘by Hegel. Besides it is high time you were starting for Monsieur Severin’s; he is expecting us for tea.’

‘A curious dream,’ said Severin when I had finished. He supported his arms on his knees, resting his face in his delicate, finely veined hands, and fell to pondering.

I knew that he wouldn’t move for a long time, hardly even breathe, but I didn’t consider his behaviour in any way remarkable. I had been on terms of close friendship with him for nearly three years and was used to his peculiarities. For it cannot be denied that he was peculiar, although he wasn’t quite the dangerous madman that the neighbourhood – indeed the entire district of Kolomea – considered him to be. I found his personality not only interesting (and that is why many also regarded me as a bit mad) but to a degree sympathetic.

For a Galician nobleman and landowner, and considering his age – he was hardly over thirty – he displayed surprising sobriety, a certain seriousness, even pedantry. He lived according to a minutely elaborated, half-philosophical, half-practical system, like clockwork; and not by this alone, but also by the thermometer, barometer, aerometer, hydrometer, Hippocrates, Hufeland, Plato, Kant, Knigge, and Lord Chesterfield. But at times he had violent attacks of sudden passion, and gave the impression of being about to run with his head right through a wall. At such times everyone preferred to get out of his way.

While he remained silent, the fire sang in the chimney and the large venerable samovar, the ancient chair in which I sat rocking to and fro smoking my cigar and the cricket in the old walls sang too. I let my eyes glide over the curious apparatus, skeletons of animals, stuffed birds, globes, plaster-casts and general paraphernalia with which his room was heaped full, until by chance my glance came to rest on a picture which I had seen often enough before. But today, in the reflected red glow of the fire, it made an indescribable impression on me.

It was a large oil painting, done in the robust full-bodied manner of the Belgian school. Its subject was strange enough.

A beautiful woman with a radiant smile upon her face, her abundant hair tied into a classical knot, was resting on an ottoman, supported on her left arm. She was nude in her dark furs. Her right hand played with a lash, while her bare foot rested carelessly on a man, lying before her like a slave, like a dog. In the sharply outlined, but well-formed lineaments of this man lay brooding melancholy and passionate devotion; he looked up to her with the ecstatic burning eye of a martyr. This man, the footstool for her feet, was Severin, but beardless and, it seemed, some ten years younger.

‘Venus in Furs,’ I cried, pointing to the picture. ‘That is the way I saw her in my dream.’

‘I, too,’ said Severin, ‘only I dreamed my dream with open eyes.’

‘Indeed?’

‘It is a tiresome story.’

‘Your picture apparently suggested my dream,’ I continued. ‘But do tell me what it means. I can imagine that it played a role in your life, and perhaps a very decisive one. But the details I can only get from you.’

‘Look at its counterpart,’ replied my strange friend, without heeding my question.

The counterpart was an excellent copy of Titian’s well-known Venus with the Mirror in the Dresden Gallery.

‘And what is the significance?’

Severin rose and pointed with his finger at the fur with which Titian garbed his goddess of love.

‘It, too, has Venus in furs,’ he said with a slight smile. ‘I don’t believe that the old Venetian had any secondary intention. He simply painted the portrait of some aristocratic Messalina, and was tactful enough to let Cupid hold the mirror in which she tests her majestic allure with cold satisfaction. He looks as though his task were becoming burdensome enough. The picture period baptised the lady with the name of Venus. The furs of the despot in which Titian’s fair model wrapped herself, probably more for fear of a cold than out of modesty, have become a symbol of the tyranny and cruelty that constitute woman’s essence and her beauty.

‘But enough of that. The picture, as it now exists, is a bitter satire on our love. Venus in this abstract north, in this icy Christian world, has to creep into huge black furs so as not to catch cold –’

Severin laughed, and lighted a fresh cigarette.