Русский язык. Вводный разговорно-грамматический практикум

Упражнение 7. Find the meaning of the following words in the dictionary

Запомните:

Упражнение 8. Determine the gender of these words

Russian nouns have gender. There are three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. The gender of animated nouns (persons or animals) is generally determined by their sex. The gender of unanimated nouns can be discerned only by endings:

masculine – consonant or й

дом, музей,

feminine — а, я

страна, фамилия,

neuter – о, е

окно, упражнение

Note. – Nouns with – ь may be either masculinte or feminine. The ending must be memorized

словарь, преподаватель – masculine

национальность, тетрадь – feminine

Упражнение 9. Write the five items you have

In Russian there is a verb «быть» (to be). Derivative of it is «есть», but it is not used as in English. They speak Russian without using the verb «to be» in sentences like «I’m a student», «I’m Russian»: я студент, я русский, not «я есть студент».

«Есть» is used to express the idea of possession. It refers to «to have» in combination with the preposition у and personal pronoun in the indirect case.

Урок 2. Числа

Lesson 2. Numerals

Note:

In Russian there are cases. That is wy «thousand» and «million» get different endings after definite numbers. It also conserns to the nouns after these numbers.

Упражнение 1. Exchange phone numbers

Упражнение 2. How old are you? Make similar dialogs.

– Сколько тебе (Вам) лет?

– Мне 21 год /23 года/19 лет

Упражнение 3. Say each other’s age

Ему 24 года (masculine)

Ей 24 года (femine)

Упражнение 4. How much do these products approxmately cost in Russia and in your country?

Упражнение 5. Say your address

Мой адрес – Улица (Street) Ленина

Дом (house) – 5

Квартира (flat) – 13

Упражнение 6. What time is it[2 - There is a more complex way of indicating time. Watch the lesson 22]?

– Сколько времени?

– 11:23 (Одиннадцать часов, двадцать три минуты)

– Который час?

– 20:17 (Двадцать часов (восемь часов вечера), семнадцать минут)

Упражнение 7. Read the numbers

Упражнение 8. Write and read numbers

1018, 2016, 2046, 3084, 3023,4193, 4259,5342, 5475, 6554, 6766, 8899,9906

Урок 3 Личные, указательные и притяжательные местоимения Члены семьи, профессии. Lesson 3. Personal, demonstrative and possessive pronouns. Family members, professions

As you know, there are six cases in Russian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental and prepositional. Pronouns also vary in cases. In this tutorial, we’ll talk first about nominative, dative, accusative, and then about genitive. Consider for example the pronouns I. I’m nominative (who), me accusative (whom), me dative (to whom). Compare the following sentences in English and Russian.

For subject is used the nominative case. The accusative is used if somebody or something is not subject but object. The principal meaning of the accusative is to designate a person or thing to whom or which and action is being done. The dative case is used in Russian for the indirect object of a sentence. The indirect object is normally the person who receives the direct object.

We have already said that the expression у меня есть means I have. This is a preposition, after which the genitive is used. Personal pronouns in the genitive case except он, она, оно have the same forms as in the accusative case. The primary meaning of the Russian genitive case is to show possession.

Упражнение 1. What family members do you have

Члены семьи (Family members)

Grandparents[3 - There are not a special word for «grandparents» in Russian.]

У меня нет… – I do not have…[4 - In Russian, the genitive case is used with negation. The endings of the nouns change. This is quite difficult, so remember only these word forms for now.]

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