The Political History of England – Vol XI

59

Rose, Life of Napoleon I., ii., 372.

60

For the importance of this flight of the Emperor Francis see Rose, Life of Napoleon I., ii., 418, 425. The flight did not take place till after the advance on Paris was begun.

61

For the movements of June 15, 16, see Chesney, Waterloo Lectures, pp. 70-137; Ropes, The Campaign of Waterloo, pp. 44-196.

62

Rose, Life of Napoleon I., ii., 494, 495.

63

Oman in English Historical Review, xix., 693, and xxi., 132.

64

For details of the riots see Annual Register, lviii. (1816), 60-73. They were particularly numerous in May, 1816, and in the counties of Cambridge, Essex, and Suffolk. At Littleport in Cambridgeshire, on May 24, it was found necessary to fire on the rioters. Two men were killed and five were afterwards executed.

65

Greville, Memoirs, i., 2; Walpole, History of England, i., 392, 393.

66

The curious may be interested in the following list of the names and ages of the persons who stood next in order of succession to the crown after the death of Princess Charlotte. It will be observed that of the fourteen who stood nearest the throne, not one was under forty years of age, and not one had a legitimate child: —

67

See, however, the Creevey Papers, i., 268-71, 284.

68

Lord Londonderry in Twiss, Life of Eldon, ii., 432.

69

Harriet Martineau, History of England During the Thirty Years' Peace, i., 274.

70

Letters to Copleston, p. 295.

71

Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce in Modern Times (edit. 1903), pp. 756-59. Compare Dicey, Law and Opinion in England, pp. 190-200.

72

The graphic description of this crisis in Harriet Martineau's History of the Thirty Years' Peace, i., 355-66, deserves to be studied and remembered as a masterpiece of social portraiture by a contemporary.

73

Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce in Modern Times, p. 823.

74

Walpole's History of England, vol. ii., p. 187.

75

Metternich, Memoirs, § 484, English translation, iii., 446.

76

Wellington, Despatches, etc., i., 343-48.

77

Wellington, Despatches, etc., i., 518-23. For a French account of the congress see Duvergier de Hauranne, Gouvernement Parlementaire en France, vii., 130-229.

78

Wellington, Despatches, etc., i., 650. Compare pp. 638, 653-57.

79

Stapleton, Life of Canning, ii., 18, 19.

80

Stapleton, Life of Canning, ii., chapters x., xi.

81

Stapleton, Life of Canning, ii., 26-33.

82

See J. W. Foster, A Century of American Diplomacy, pp. 442-50; Stapleton, George Canning and his Times, p. 375.

83

Wellington to Peel, January 9, 1828, in Parker, Sir Robert Peel, ii., 27.