89
"He ought not to be forsaken: whoever weighs the matter rightly, will come to this conclusion."
90
The Eridan is the Po.—As regards classical allusions in connexion with sacred things, I would remind my reader of the great reverence our ancestors had for the classics, from the influence they had had in reviving the literature of the country.—I need hardly remind him of the commonly-received fancy that the swan does sing once—just as his death draws nigh. Does this come from the legend of Cycnus changed into a swan while lamenting the death of his friend Phaeton? or was that legend founded on the yet older fancy? The glorious bird looks as if he ought to sing.
91
The poet refers to the singing of the hymn before our Lord went to the garden by the brook Cedron.
92
The construction is obscure just from the insertion of the to before breathe, where it ought not to be after the verb hear. The poet does not mean that he delights to hear that voice more than to breathe gentle airs, but more than to hear gentle airs (to) breathe. To hear, understood, governs all the infinitives that follow; among the rest, the winds (to) chide.
93
Rut is used for the sound of the tide in Cheshire. (See Halliwell's Dictionary.) Does rutty mean roaring? or does it describe the deep, rugged shores of the Jordan?
94
A monosyllable, contracted afterwards into bloom.
95
Willows.
96
Groom originally means just a man. It was a word much used when pastoral poetry was the fashion. Spenser has herd-grooms in his Shepherd's Calendar. This last is what it means here: shepherds.
97
Obtain, save.
98
Equivalent to "What are those hands of yours for?"
99
He was but thirty-nine when he died.
100
To rhyme with pray in the second line.
101
Bunch of flowers. He was thinking of Aaron's rod, perhaps.
102
To correspond to that of Christ.
103
Again a touch of holy humour: to match his Master's predestination, he will contrive something three years beforehand, with an if.
104
The here in the preceding line means his book; hence the thy book is antithetical.
105
Concent is a singing together, or harmoniously.
106
Music depends all on proportions.
107
The diapason is the octave. Therefore "all notes true." See note 2, p. 205.
108
An intransitive verb: he was wont.
109
The birds called halcyons were said to build their nests on the water, and, while they were brooding, to keep it calm.
110
The morning star.
111
The God of shepherds especially, but the God of all nature—the All in all, for Pan means the All.
112
Milton here uses the old Ptolemaic theory of a succession of solid crystal concentric spheres, in which the heavenly bodies were fixed, and which revolving carried these with them. The lowest or innermost of these spheres was that of the moon. "The hollow round of Cynthia's seat" is, therefore, this sphere in which the moon sits.
113
That cannot be expressed or described.