“Munimentum ipsis equisque loricæ plumatæ sunt, quæ utrumque toto corpore tegunt.” (Justin, XLI. 2.)
730
“Signum in prælio non tuba, sed tympano datur.” (Justin, XLI. 2.)
731
“Fidentemque fuga Parthum versisque sagittis.” (Virgil, Georg., III., line 31.
732
“The Osroenes, placed behind the Romans, who had their backs turned to them, struck them where their unprotected limbs were exposed, and rendered more easy their destruction by the Parthians.” (Dio Cassius, XL. 22.)
733
The army was composed of seven legions, but some troops had been left at Carrhæ. The square was composed of forty-eight cohorts, or nearly five legions; the rest was probably in reserve in the square. The 4,000 cavalry and 4,000 light infantry were probably divided half to the right and half to the left of the great square, the sides of which must have been about 1,000 mètres long.
734
Plutarch, Crassus, 28.
735
Q. Cæcilius Metellus Scipio was the son of P. Cornelius Scipio Nasica, and of Licinia, daughter of Crassus. He had been adopted by Q. Cæcilius Metellus Pius.
736
Plutarch, Cato, 55.
737
All that follows is taken almost entirely from Asconius, the most ancient commentator on Cicero, and is derived, it is believed, from the Acta Diurna. (See the Argument of the Oration of Cicero for Milo, edit. Orelli, p. 31.)
738
Nine years after the sacrilege committed on the day of the festival of the Bona Dea, Clodius was slain by Milo before the gate of the temple of the Bona Dea, near Bovillæ. (Cicero, Orat. pro Milone, 31.)
739
Romphæa. (Asconius, Argument of the Orat. of Cicero pro Milone, p. 32, edit. Orelli.)
740
Cicero, Orat. pro Milone 10. – Dio Cassius, XL. 48. – Appian, Civil Wars, II. 21. – (Asconius, Argument of the Oration of Cicero pro Milone, p. 31, et seq.)
741
Lectus libitinæ. (Asconius, p. 34.) – The sense of this word is given by Acro, a scholiast on Horace (see Scholia Horatiana, edit. Pauly, tom. I., p. 360). It corresponds with our word corbillard, a hearse. We know the custom of the Romans of carrying at interments the images of the ancestors of the dead with the ensigns of their dignities. The fasces must have been numerous in the Clodian family.
742
Dio Cassius, XL. 50.
743
Dio Cassius, XL. 49.
744
Dio Cassius, XL. 49.
745
Appian, Civil Wars, II. 22.
746
Dio Cassius, XL. 50.
747
“The Senate and Bibulus, who was first to state his opinion, forestalled the thoughtless resolutions of the multitude by conferring the consulship on Pompey, in order that he might not be proclaimed dictator; and in conferring it upon him alone, in order that he might not have Cæsar for his colleague.” (Dio Cassius, XL. 2.)
748
Plutarch, Cato, 47.
749
Plutarch, Pompey, 57.
750
Dio Cassius, XL. 50.
751
Dio Cassius, XL. 52. – Cicero, Brutus, 94; Epist. ad Atticum, XIII 49. – Tacitus, Dialog. de Oratoribus, 38.
752
This was the historian. He had been the paramour of Milo’s wife. Surprised by him in the very act, he had been cruelly beaten, and compelled to pay, without pity.
753
Velleius Paterculus, II. 47.
754