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The Formation of Christendom, Volume II

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2017
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Xen. Mem. i. 1. 16.

345

Xen. Mem. iv. 6. 1.

346

Ibid. iii. 4. 9.

347

Ibid. iii. 9, iv. 6; Sympos. ii. 12. Plat. Apol. 25 e; Protag. p. 329 b.

348

Memor. i. 6, 10.

349

Tusc. v. 4.

350

ἡ μαιευτική, Plat. Theæt. p. 149.

351

ἐξέτασις, Plat. Apol. p. 20.

352

Xen. Mem. i. 4. 7. σοφοῦ τινὸς δημιουργοῦ καὶ φιλοζώου.

353

Ibid. iv. 3.

354

ὁ τὸν ὅλον κόσμον συντάττων τὲ καὶ συνέχων, ἐν ᾣ πάντα τὰ καλὰ καὶ ἀγαθά ἐστι, καὶ ἀεὶ μὲν χρωμένοις ἀτριβῆ τε καὶ ὑγιᾶ καὶ ἀγήρατον παρέχων, θᾶττον δὲ νοήματος ἀναμαρτήτως ὑπηρετοῦντα, οὗτος τὰ μέγιστα μὲν πράττων ὁρᾶται, τάδε δὲ οἰκονομῶν ἀόρατος ἡμῖν ἐστι. Compare the famous passage of S. Paul, Rom. i. 19, 20. διότι τὸ γνωστὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ φάνερόν ἐστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς; ὁ γὰρ Θεὸς αὐτοῖς ἐφανέρωσε; τὰ γὰρ ἀόρατα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ κτίσεως κόσμου τοῖς ποιήμασι νοούμενα καθορᾶται, ἥτε ἀΐδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἀναπολογήτους. Socrates draws precisely the conclusion which S. Paul asserts that the premises warrant.

355

τὸ δαιμόνιον.

356

Plato, Apol., at the end.

357

Phædo, p. 118.

358

The view here taken would be powerfully confirmed by citing at length the interview of Socrates with the hetæra Theodote, as given by Xen. Mem. iii. 11. The unconscious absence from the mind of Socrates of any notion of turpitude in the occupation of Theodote is very striking indeed. One is reminded that Socrates took lessons in rhetoric of that Aspasia, herself the hetæra of Pericles, who is recorded to have educated a school of Theodotes. Thus Plutarch, Pericles, 24, says of her, παιδίσκας ἑταιρούσας τρέφουσα. In the Meneximus, p. 235, Socrates claims her as being his διδάσκαλος οὖσα οὐ πάνυ φαύλη περὶ ῥητορικῆς, quoted by Wallon, de l'Esclavage, vol. i. p. 190.

359

Ueberweg, i. 92, 93.

360

Ueberweg, i. 91.

361

Ibid. i. 117.

362

Ibid. i. 118.

363

Ueberweg, i. 120, from Aristotle, Metaph. i. 6 and 9, and xiii. 4.

364

Zeller, i. 119.

365

Ueberweg, i. 120, remarks: “Die Eintheilung der Philosophie in Ethik, Physik und Dialektik (die Cicero Acad. pos. i. 5, 19, Plato zugeschreibt), hat nach Sextus Empir (adv. Math. vii. 16) zuerst Plato's Schüler Xenocrates förmlich aufgestellt: Plato aber sei, sagt Sextus mit Recht, δυνάμει ihr Urheber, ἀρχηγός.”

366

See Zeller, vol. ii. part 2, p. 599. Döllinger, p. 299, sec. 122; p. 279, sec. 87.

367

Zeller, ii. part 1, p. 598. “Ueber diese beiden Gegenstände (die Religion und die Kunst) hat sich Plato ziemlich häufig, aber immer nur gelegenheitlich geäussert.”

368

Döllinger, p. 290, sec. 110.

369

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