Armenophobia in Azerbaijan

Chinara Vugar: The mother who had financed Armenians in her time was now marrying off her daughter, but burst into tears in apprehension: “Heaven save us, if the fiancé finds out about it”. <…> I was horrified and wondered how many are those in Azerbaijan, whose manly blood mix with that that of dogs

<…> Ramil Safarov axed an Armenian officer.

In the beginning, the people supported him, but then they forgot about him. When Eynulla Fatullayev

was in prison, there were more people grieving at him than at Ramil Safarov who had killed the Armenian serf. <…> So, for example, the entire property of the former mayor of Baku Rafael Allahverdiyev went to an Armenian woman, and what is left of it will go to a daughter he sired with her, right? <…> The school subject of the Azerbaijani Language and Literature is taught by 2 teachers of Armenian descent. They say that the headmaster of the aforesaid school is also of Armenian origin, and although newspapers and the Internet contain reports of this, we can’t do anything about it. In fact, we only know that the school is being destroyed because of the headmaster’s position. Many massage parlors located near the subway station May 28 are owned by mistresses of Armenian origin. These Armenian women pull the Azerbaijani girls into depravity. <…> There is much talk about Armenian women. The daughter of an Armenian senator leads a dissolute life. The daughter of the Armenian singer Sher changed her gender, but that’s not all. Armenians who live in Azerbaijan undergo plastic operations on their noses. Plastic surgeons excise the Armenian noses and turn them into Muslims. Also, the Armenian Constitution does not prohibit prostitution. In fact, the women of this nation are prostitutes, while the men are just “good-looking”.

A special structure must be created within the Ministry of National Security to scrutinize the population for the presence of Armenian blood. For instance, the parents who want to marry their children should be able to file an inquiry with this structure to find out if their future in-laws are related to Armenians by blood. Maybe then we will be able to cleanse our blood from its mixing with the filthy Armenian blood.

The statement of the people’s artist of Azerbaijan and Armenia, singer Zeynab Khanlarova in her commentary of the ethnically motivated gruesome murder by Ramil Safarov

is a glaring example of dehumanization, i.e. unabashed expression of contempt and readiness to back and commit atrocities.

“He (Ramil Safarov) is a hero of not only Azerbaijan but the entire world. Monuments must be erected in his honor. Not every man is capable of accomplishing what he did. There are 2 heroes: one is Mr. Ilham Aliyev, and the other is Ramil Safarov. If I were in Ramil’s place, I would do the same. He took an Armenian’s life and rightfully did so”.

Along all of the above, the woman’s status of a mother and a respected community member is used to marginalize all interaction with Armenians.

Nazperi Dosteliyeva, people’s artist of Azerbaijan: I can’t bring myself to call Azerbaijanis those who are in friendly correspondence with enemies who don’t know the meaning of humaneness. I don’t know who they are. But as a citizen of my country, as a mother and most importantly as a People’s Artist of Azerbaijan, I won’t forgive these people.

Khalida Bayramova, chairman of the Commission for the Protection of Minors and Juvenile Cases of the Sabail District of Baku: Maybe, for our future piece, we must take some steps, but I’m against friendship with Armenians, because the one who betrayed once, will never become a friend, and must be clearly marked as an enemy. It is impossible to forget what Armenians did in Azerbaijan, and they, in their turn, have nothing but hostile feelings towards us. There is a notion of pathological hatred, and it seems that it is exactly the kind of hatred I feel for Armenians. For an Azerbaijani or a Turk, there can be no good Armenian. It may be wrong, but that’s what I think!

The capacity to feel kindness and empathy, love or hatred, calm or aggression as well as many other personal traits are instilled in an individual during childhood and remain ingrained for a lifetime. In other words, the state armenophobic policy and propaganda are planted into a fertile soil tilled by armenophobia and dating back to the years of childhood.

Shirin Kerimbeyli, Ahriman

of the Globe

Hey, Armenian, hey, cutthroat,
Devil, shaitan, tell me who are you?
The Ahriman of the globe
Hey, perfidious provocateur,
Hangman and criminal,
Isn’t the blood you spilt enough?
Isn’t the massacre over?

17. Azerichild.info

Children acquire behavioral stereotypes in the early years of their lives, i.e. the sense of affiliation to an ethnic group is not innate but is gained through socialization.

The shaping of the national identity conventionally occurs in three stages.

1) At the age of 6–7, a child gains his/her first knowledge, albeit fragmentary and unsystematic, of his/her ethnic affiliation. At this stage, the child’s family and immediate social environment have the utmost significance for the child rather than his/her country and ethnic group.

2) At the age of 8–9, a child already clearly identifies himself/herself with his/her state, can recognize the fundamentals of such identification (the nationality of his/her parents, the place of residence and the mother tongue); dormant national feelings surface.

3) At the age of 10–11, the national identity is fully shaped, the child knows the peculiarities of various peoples and can designate the uniqueness of their history, the specific character of their daily life, including their ethnic culture.

Over the course of his/her life any person acquires a multitude of stereotypes about other ethnic groups, nations and peoples. In the event of children, the shaping of stereotypes bears the impact of the older generation and parents as detailed in the foregoing chapter.

This fertile soil is cemented by the state propaganda at the next stage. Over time, ethnic stereotypes become so perpetuated in the mind of a child that it is extremely hard to abandon them even if there is a wish to do so and an awareness of the problem. In the events where the reference groups continue to exert pressure on the individual by planting these stereotypes, it becomes virtually impossible to get rid of them.

The individual may be under the impression that his/her views of any given ethnic group represent a personal opinion where in fact, he/she re-circulates the opinion of his/her reputed reference group (ethnic group, people). The ethnic stereotypes mostly manifest themselves on subconscious level; however, they can imperceptibly affect the self-awareness of the person. One such manifestation consists in perceiving information matching the ingrained mindset and confirming the stereotype, while rejecting everything else.

The education is one of the most efficient ways of instilling the “image of the enemy” in the public mind. The teacher is an authority in the eyes of a pupil, while the information derived from books is perceived by the children as an indisputable truth and is instantaneously assimilated without any critical analysis. The statements of the teacher become even more convincing for the children if these are not at odds with their views and stereotypes imported to school from their families, television programs, fellow peers in the courtyard, etc.

Thus, it can be claimed that children and teenagers represent the most vulnerable group most exposed to the anti-Armenian propaganda in Azerbaijan. Such state policy further exacerbates the ethno-religious, cultural and territorial conflict between the two nations.

Numerous fairy tales and children’s drawings appearing on the website of Azerichild.info project which clearly reflect the image of the Armenian enemy and virtually always portray Armenians as negative characters give an example of a product of the armenophobic propaganda among the children of Azerbaijan. The main subject of the children’s drawings is the brutal killing of the Azerbaijani children and women by the Armenian military.

Let us examine a specific example: the story entitled Armenian

recognized by Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Youth and Sports as the Story of the Year in 2008 and authored by Elkhan Zeynalli, member of the Union of Azerbaijani Writers contains 65 instances of negative depiction of Armenians manifested through the use of various clichés, such as: “blood-sucker”, “base”, “double-faced”, “kill all Armenian dogs”, “set all Armenian men on fire”, “rape all Armenian women”, “strangle the Armenian children”, “inhuman Armenians”, etc. Instead, all references to the Azerbaijanis are exclusively in the positive vein with 23 favorable epithets, such as: “forgiving”, “kind”, “respectful of parents”, “courageous”, “friendly”, “caring”, “tolerant”, etc.

This story, which arouses hostility and contains unabashed armenophobic propaganda, is incorporated into Azerbaijan’s school curriculum for home reading.

Overall, the study of about 50 literary works and 100 children’s drawings has revealed that the state indoctrination of the propaganda against Armenians occurs at an early age in Azerbaijan. Constantly recurring negative rhetoric can exert and impact even on adults, let alone on yet immature minds of children.

It is of note that such propaganda of hatred and the emotive character of the communicated information reflect the covert fears of the Azerbaijani society, with the country’s domestic situation projected onto the Armenian society. In their turn, the aggressive exhortations and labeling help cope on the verbal level with psychological problems and the inferiority complex inherited from the time of Azerbaijan’s defeat in the Karabakh war.

However, raising their children in the spirit of hatred, aggression and hostility, the authorities of Azerbaijan foster an individual who can become perilous for their own society, as in the absence of other targets for venting his/her aggression such individual will take revenge on the weak: their wives/husbands, children, old people, etc. Alcohol, drugs and suicide can also become a vent. In today’s Azerbaijan, all of these categories display a statistic spike.

Another emblematic point is that the Armenians appear on the drawings as formidable warriors brandishing weapons. This means that the image of Armenians formed in the child’s mind portrays a powerful, united and militarized enemy eliciting, as a result, fear of this image. And if in peacetime this image of Armenians helps consolidate the Azerbaijani society, in wartime, the fear of the image can become a serious problem. The Azerbaijani authorities may not realize that such propaganda thwarts the society’s natural psychological development, generates socially dangerous individuals and reduces the combat efficiency of the army.

    Mariam Hakhnazaryan,
    holder of a master’s degree from the Chair of Social Psychology of the Yerevan State University.

18. Armenophobia in textbooks

A textbook is a book that systematically lays down fundamental knowledge in a specific domain at the current level of the scientific and cultural achievements and represents the main and leading type of academic literature.

A school textbook plays an important role in securing the personal and intellectual development of students. The ultimate mission of a textbook is to aid the shaping of a personal attitude of the student to the course of study.

The education underlies the raising of future generations and communication of accumulated ancestral knowledge. In the modern world, where the system of education is overall standardized and controlled by the state, its function consists not only in counteracting illiteracy, but also in instilling and indoctrinating the values and ideologies intrinsic to the society in question.

In this context, the study of didactic materials gives an insight into the ideological constituent of the society and a rough forecast of its future.

Following the attainment of independence, the Azerbaijani textbooks draw both domestic and international criticism. Most of the critical voices raised domestically refer to errors, typos, inaccurate translation, etc.

Yana Madatova, journalist: Not only parents do sound the alarm, but also specialists in linguistics, pedagogues and independent experts. Thus, Aydin Aslanov, an associate professor at the Chair of Social Disciplines of the Baku Institute for Advanced Training and Retraining for Teachers, stated that the history textbooks for secondary schools in the Azerbaijani and Russian languages teemed with semantic, scientific and technical errors. <…> I could understand if this was limited to textbooks in Russian as today, the language, as it were, is no longer native. But after all, the textbooks in the Azerbaijani also contain colossal blunders!

Slava Sapunov, the editor-in-chief of the Boutique Travel magazine: Misprints, awkward bombast, clumsy style and sometimes unabashed misinformation.

Milana Zhuchkova, journalist: There have been many reports about the poor work of proofreaders in compiling the national textbooks; sometimes it is about a huge number of grammar errors, sometimes it is about missing words and sometimes it is about impossibility of solving a math problem because figures are misprinted. There are many other examples of malpractice in the work of educational professionals. The reputation of the domestic products has long been marred, with children laughing at the errors of intelligent adults, and it is very sad when schoolchildren think they have the right to consider themselves smarter than the specialists who have compiled the textbook. As I recently ploughed the social networks, I stumbled across a very interesting photograph from a page of a literature textbook for the 7th grade indicating the lifespan of L. N. Tolstoy as 1928–1910. The photograph sported a commentary: “Only in our textbooks, the great Russian writer died before he was born.

However, if blunders of grammar and style are acknowledged by the compilers (scholars, pedagogues, Ministry of Education) and can be corrected, the ideological constituent of the academic literature remains unchanged as testified by the authors themselves.

The author of the History textbook for the 10th grade, which portrays Armenians as “the eternal enemies” of the Azerbaijanis, the department head of the History of Slavic Countries of the Baku State University, Tofik Veliyev acknowledges that he used “negative language” but in his opinion “it was necessary to tell the truth”. “These phrases give an accurate picture of Armenians”, thinks Veliyev.