IT Essentials & Data Recovery For Your Online Businesses

IT Essentials & Data Recovery For Your Online Businesses
Baxi Nishant

The BeginningWhen people hear the words «Information Technology,» the first things that come to mind are computers and the Internet. It may also bring up words like «network», «intranet», «server», «firewall», «security» as well as more arcane expressions such as «router», «T-1», «Ethernet» or the mysterious and exotic-sounding «VoIP» (pronounced «voyp»).

IT Essentials & Data Recovery For Your Online Businesses

Baxi Nishant

© Baxi Nishant, 2019

ISBN 978-5-0050-4203-3

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

IT Essentials & Data Recovery For Your Online Businesses
Nishant Baxi

Table of Contents

Chapter 1
The Beginning
A Short History of Information Technology
The Hellenistic World
Early Programmable Devices
Communications and Information Storage
Information Technology Since 1980
Information Technology Today
Types of Information Tools and Media
Personal Computer
Storage Media
Internet Options and Communication

Chapter 2
Understanding BizIT
Assessing Your I.T. Needs
Desk and chair
Bookcase/Shelves
Table
Computer and Monitor
Printer, Copier, FAX Machine
Other I.T. Options
All Those Bells And Whistles; Do You Really Need Them?
Getting It Cheap

Chapter 3
Getting Organized
Setting Up Your Workspace
Organizing the Worktop
Peripherals and Office Supplies
About Wireless Technology
Getting Online
Dial-Up
Satellite

DSL

T1 and T3

A Word Of Caution

Networking: The Intranet

Sharing Printers and Programs

About Sharing Programs

Protecting Yourself And Your Business

E-mail Issues

Computer Care And Maintenance

Protecting The Hardware

Software Maintenance

Chapter 1

The Beginning

When people hear the words «Information Technology,» the first things that come to mind are computers and the Internet. It may also bring up words like «network,» «intranet,» «server,» «firewall,» «security,» as well as more arcane expressions such as «router,» «T-1,» «Ethernet,» or the mysterious and exotic-sounding «VoIP» (pronounced «voyp»).

In fact, information technology is all of these things, and more. It’s hardly new, however. Information technology is as old as the brain itself, if you think of the brain as an information processor. As far as I.T. being a science, even that goes back as far as the earliest attempts to communicate and store information.

And that is essentially what information technology is: the communication and storage of information, along with the ability to process and make use of the information stored. In this chapter, we’ll begin with a brief history of I.T., what it comprises today, and the different major types of I.T. systems available today.

A Short History of Information Technology

As human societies have grown in size and complexity, so has the need to collect, store and transmit information. While it could be argued that brains represent a

form of «bio-information technology,» the Greek word «» – from which we get the word «technology» – really refers to scientific or mechanical knowledge, particularly that which involves the use of tools. Therefore, we’ll begin our journey with human’s first attempts to record and transmit knowledge through mechanical means.

might think of as «information technology.» Using a combination of tools that included manganese «crayons» and clay that was colored with various pigments, early humans left these images on the walls of a cave near Lascaux, France and on cliffs in the Algerian Sahara. These have been dated as being approximately 18,000 and 8,000 years old respectively. Unfortunately, there is no way to be certain exactly what message was being communicated (a problem our own descendants 15,000 years from now may very well encounter!)

Since the images depict animals that were commonly hunted at the time, and given the importance of game animals to a hunting-gathering culture, it’s possible that such images were attempts to present information about such game, or part of a rite designed to ensure a successful hunt.

The invention of writing systems – including pictograms such as hieroglyphics, alphabetic writing and «syllabic» systems – seems to have taken place almost at the same time as the development of agriculture. Agriculture introduced such formerly unknown concepts as land ownership, advanced trade and the accumulation of wealth, which in turn led to more complex societal structures. As you might expect, this necessitated more detailed and efficient record-keeping. Alphabetic writing has a substantial advantage over pictograms (hieroglyphs), because a relatively limited number of symbols (letters) can be used over and over in infinite combination to communicate nearly anything. (As you will see later, modern I.T. uses only two of these symbols!)

Preserving and storing such information posed certain challenges; information either had to be inscribed on stone or clay tablets (which were heavy) or animal skins, wax tablets or papyrus (which weren’t durable).