Hinduism and Buddhism, An Historical Sketch, Vol. 1

674

World as Will and Idea, Book III. p. 254 (Haldane and Kemp's translation).

675

E.g. Dig. Nik. II. 95, etc.

676

St Theresa, St Catharine of Siena and Rudman Merawin. Cf. 1 John ii. 20, 27. "Ye know all things."

677

Chândog. Up. VIII. 15.

678

As also to the Saṃhitâs of the Vaishṇavas and the Âgamic literature of the Śaivas. The six cakras are: (1) Mûladhâra at the base of the spinal cord, (2) Svâdhishṭhâna below the navel, (3) Maṇipûra near the navel, (4) Anâhata in the heart, (5) Viśuddha at the lower end of the throat, (6) Âjñâ between the eyebrows. See Avalon, Tantric Texts, II. Shaṭcakranirûpana. Ib. Tantra of Great Liberation, pp. lvii ff., cxxxii ff. Ib. Principles of Tantra, pp. cvii ff. Gopinatha Ras, Indian Iconography, pp. 328 ff. See also "Manual of a Mystic" (Pali Text Soc.) for something apparently similar, though not very intelligible, in Hinayanist Buddhism.

679

For the later Yoga see further Book V. I have recently received A. Avalon, The Serpent Power, from which it appears that the danger of the process lies in the fact that as Kuṇḍalinî ascends, the lower parts of the body which she leaves become cold. The preliminary note on Yoga in Grieraon and Barnett's Lallâ-Vâkyâni (Asiat. Soc.'s Monographs, vol. XVII. 1920) contains much valuable information, but both works arrived too late for me to make use of them.

680

Maj. Nik. 36 and 85, but not in 26.

681

Dig. Nik. 2. For the methods of Buddhist meditation, the reader may consult the "Manual of a Mystic," edited (1896) and translated (1916) by the Pali Text Society. But he will not find it easy reading.

682

See Ang. Nik. 1. 20 for a long list of the various kinds of meditation. A conspectus of the system of meditation is given in Seidenstücker, Pali-Buddhismus, pp. 344-356.

683

Dig. Nik. XXII. ad. in.

684

Dig. Nik. I. 21-26.

685

See, for instance, Dig. Nik. II. 75. Sometimes five Jhânas are enumerated. This means that reasoning and investigation are eliminated successively and not simultaneously, so that an additional stage is created.

686

See Dhamma-Sangaṇi; Mrs Rhys Davids' translation, pp. 45-6 and notes. Also Journal of Pali Text Society, 1885, p. 32, for meaning of the difficult word Ekodibhâva.

687

E.g. Maj. Nik. 77; Ang. Nik. 1. XX. 63.

688

Hardy, Eastern Monachism, pp. 252 ff.

689

But also without shape, colour or outward appearance, so this statement must not be taken too literally.

690

Such procedure has not received much countenance in Christian mysticism but the contemplation of a burnished pewter dish and of running water induced ecstasy in Jacob Boehme and Ignatius Loyola respectively. See Underhill, Mysticism, p. 69.

691

Maj. Nik. 62 end.

692

The analysis means to analyze all things as consisting alike of the four elements. The one perception is the perception that all nourishment is impure.

693

See Dig. Nik. 13 and Rhys Davids' introduction to it. In spite of their name, they seem to be purely Buddhist and have not been found in Brahmanic literature. The four states are characterized respectively by love, sympathy with sorrow, sympathy with joy, and equanimity.

694

Dig. Nik. XIII. 76.

695

Dig. Nik. XVII. 2-4.

696

Christian mystics also, such as St Angela and St Theresa, had "formless visions." See Underhill, Myst. pp. 338 ff.

697

Attha vimokkhâ. See Mahâparinib. sut. in Rhys Davids' Dialogues of the Buddha, II. 119.

698

Akiñcaññâyatanam.