293
Plato, Meno, p. 81 a-c; Pindar, ed. Aug. Boeckh, vol. iii. pp. 623 sq., Frag. 98. See further The Dying God, pp. 69 sq.
294
Plutarch, Aristides, 21; Pausanias, ix. 2. 6.
295
See above, p. 80 (#x_10_i13).
296
Pausanias, iv. 5. 10; compare Aristotle, Constitution of Athens, iii. 1; G. Gilbert, Handbuch der griechischen Staatsalterthumer, i.
(Leipsic, 1893) pp. 122 sq.
297
See The Dying God, pp. 89-92.
298
L. Ideler, Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen Chronologie, ii. 606 sq.
299
Censorinus, De die natali, xviii. 2-4.
300
Censorinus, De die natali, xviii. 2.
301
L. Ideler, Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen Chronologie, i. 270.
302
Augustine, De civitate Dei, vii. 20. “In Cereris autem sacris praedicantur illa Eleusinia, quae apud Athenienses nobilissima fuerunt. De quibus iste [Varro] nihil interpretatur, nisi quod attinet ad frumentum, quod Ceres invenit, et ad Proserpinam, quam rapiente Orco perdidit. Et hanc ipsam dicit significare foecunditatem seminum… Dicit deinde multa in mysteriis ejus tradi, quae nisi ad frugum inventionem non pertineant.”
303
A. Baumeister, Denkmäler des classischen Altertums, i. 577 sq.; Drexler, s. v. "Gaia," in W. H. Roscher's Lexikon der griech. und röm. Mythologie, i. 1574 sqq.; L. R. Farnell, The Cults of the Greek States, iii. (Oxford, 1907) p. 27.
304
Pausanias, vii. 21. 11. At Athens there was a sanctuary of Earth the Nursing-Mother and of Green Demeter (Pausanias, i. 22. 3), but we do not know how the goddesses were represented.
305
L. R. Farnell, The Cults of the Greek States, iii. 256 with plate xxi. b.
306
The distinction between Demeter (Ceres) and the Earth Goddess is clearly marked by Ovid, Fasti, iv. 673 sq.:
“Officium commune Ceres et Terra tuentur;Haec praebet causam frugibus, illa locum.”
307
Dittenberger, Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum,
Nos. 20, 408, 411, 587, 646, 647, 652, 720, 789. Compare the expression διώνυμοι θέαι applied to them by Euripides, Phoenissae, 683, with the Scholiast's note.
308
The substantial identity of Demeter and Persephone has been recognised by some modern scholars, though their interpretations of the myth do not altogether agree with the one adopted in the text. See F. G. Welcker, Griechische Götterlehre (Göttingen, 1857-1862), ii. 532; L. Preller, in Pauly's Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, vi. 106 sq.; F. Lenormant, in Daremberg et Saglio, Dictionnaire des Antiquités Grecques et Romaines, i. 2. pp. 1047 sqq.
309
Homeric Hymn to Demeter, 480 sqq.; Pindar, quoted by Clement of Alexandria, Strom. iii. 3. 17, p. 518, ed. Potter; Sophocles, quoted by Plutarch, De audiendis poetis, 4; Isocrates, Panegyricus, 6; Cicero, De legibus, ii. 14. 36; Aristides, Eleusin. vol. i. p. 421, ed. G. Dindorf.
310
A learned German professor has thought it worth while to break the poor butterfly argument on the wheel of his inflexible logic. The cruel act, while it proves the hardness of the professor's head, says little for his knowledge of human nature, which does not always act in strict accordance with the impulse of the syllogistic machinery. See Erwin Rohde, Psyche
(Tübingen and Leipsic, 1903), i. 290 sqq.
311
1 Corinthians xv. 35 sqq.
312
See above, p. 71 (#x_10_i1), with the footnote 5.
313
See above, pp. 74 (#x_10_i3)sqq.
314
A. W. Nieuwenhuis, Quer durch Borneo (Leyden, 1904-1907), i. 156 sq.
315
A. W. Nieuwenhuis, op. cit. i. 164.