The American Weekly Mercury (Philadelphia), August 20, 1720.
466
The Pennsylvania Gazette, June 1, 1749.
467
Statutes at Large, IV, p. 62.
468
Turner, The Negro in Pennsylvania, p. 31.
469
Branagan, Serious Remonstrances, pp. 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 102; Somerset Whig, March 12, 1818, and Union Times, August 15, 1834.
470
Journal of Senate, 1820-1821, p. 213; and American Daily Advertiser, January 23, 1821.
471
Proceedings and Debates of the Convention of 1838, X, p. 230.
472
The Spirit of the Times, October 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 19, 1849.
473
Harriet Martineau, Views of Slavery and Emancipation, p. 10.
474
Hart, Slavery and Abolition, p. 182; Censuses of the United States.
475
Abdy, North America, I, p. 160.
476
Child, Anti-slavery Catechism, p. 17; 2 Howard Mississippi Reports, p. 837.
477
Kemble, Georgian Plantation, pp. 140, 162, 199, 208-210; Olmstead, Seaboard States, pp. 599-600; Rhodes, United States, I, pp. 341-343.
478
Goodell, Slave Code, pp. 111-112.
479
Harriet Martineau, Views of Slavery and Emancipation, p. 13.
480
Featherstonaugh, Excursion, p. 141; Buckingham, Slave States, I, p. 358.
481
Writing of conditions in this country prior to the American Revolution, Anne Grant found only two cases of miscegenation in Albany before this period but saw it well established later by the British soldiers. Johann Schoepf—witnessed this situation in Charleston in 1784. J. P. Brissot saw this tendency toward miscegenation as a striking feature of society among the French in the Ohio Valley in 1788. The Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach was very much impressed with the numerous quadroons and octoroons of New Orleans in 1825 and Charles Gayarré portrayed the same conditions there in 1830. Frederika Bremer frequently met with this class while touring the South in 1850. See Grant, Memoirs of An American Lady, p. 28; Schoepf, Travels in the Confederation, II, p. 382; Brissot, Travels, II, p. 61; Saxe-Weimar, Travels, II, p. 69; Grace King, New Orleans, pp. 346-349; Frederika Bremer, Homes of the New World, I, pp. 325, 326, 382, 385.
482
Ibid., XXII, p. 98.
483
See Russell, Free Negro in Virginia, p. 127.
484
Goodell, Slave Code, p. 376.
485
The Liberator, December 19, 1845.
486
Swisshelm, Half a Century, p. 129.
487
See the session laws of the State Legislatures, and Woodson's Education of the Negro Prior to 1861, pp. 151-178.
488
Goodell, Slave Code, and Hurd, The Law of Freedom and Bondage, II, pp. 1-218.
489
Woodson, A Century of Negro Migration, Chapter II.
490