Surnames as a Science

Cost, cust, "skill, science" (Germ, kunst)

(Hard), O.G. Custard – Eng. Custard.

Dag, "day," in the sense of brightness, glory.[13 - Or perhaps of beauty, like a Celtic stem tac, found in names of men, and perhaps a corresponding word.]

(Bald, bold), O.G. Tagapald – Daegbald, Lib. Vit.– Eng. Daybell. (Bern, bear), O.G. Tagapern – Eng. Tayburn. (Burg, protection), O.G. Tagabirg – Eng. Tackabarry. (Gisil, hostage), O.G. Daigisil – Eng. Daggesell. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Daiher – Dacher, Lib. Vit.– Eng. Dagger, Dacker, Dayer. (Helm), O.G. Dachelm – Eng. Dacombe. (Mund, protection), O.G. Dagamund – A.S. Daiemond – Eng. Daymont. (Mar, famous), O.G. Dagemar – Dagemar on Roman pottery – Eng. Damer.

Dall, dell, as supposed, "illustrious."

(Bert, famous), O.G. Dalbert – Talbercht, Lib. Vit.– Eng. Talbert. (Fare, travel), O.G. Dalferi – Eng. Telfer. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Dealher – Eng. Deller. (Man), O.G. Dalman – Eng. Dalman, Tallman. (Wig, wi, war), Daliwey, Hund. Rolls– Eng. Dalloway.

Dan, den, of uncertain meaning, perhaps, "Dane."

(Hard), A.S. Dæneheard – Eng. Denhard. (Gar, spear), O.G. Thangar – Eng. Danger. (Wulf), A.S. Denewulf – Eng. Denolf.

Dar, signifying "spear."

(Nagel, nail), A.S. Dearnagel – Eng. Darnell. (Gund, war), O.G. Taragun – Eng. Darrigon. (Wine, friend), O.G. Daroin – Eng. Darwin.

Dear, "carus."

(Leof, dear), A.S. Deorlaf – Eng. Dearlove. (Man, vir), Dereman, Domesday– Eng. Dearman. (Môd, courage), A.S. Deormod – Eng. Dermott. (Wine, friend), A.S. Deorwyn – Eng. Derwin.

Gothic, thius (O.H.G. dio), "servant."

(Log, loh, clean?), O.G. Thioloh – Eng. Dialogue. (Mad, reverence), O.G. Deomad – Eng. Demaid. (Man, vir), O.G. Dioman – Eng. Demon. (Mund, protection), O.G. Thiomunt – Eng. Diamond.

Old North. dolgr, "foe."

(Fin, people's name), O.N. Dolgfinnr – Eng. Dolphin. (Man, vir), A.S. Dolemann – Eng. Dolman.

A.S. dôm (O.H.G. tuom), "judgment."

(Gis, hostage), O.G. Domigis, Tomichis – Eng. Tomkies. (Hard, fortis), O.G. Domard – Eng. Dummert. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Domarius – Domheri, Lib. Vit.– Eng. Dummer.

A.S. dugan, to be "doughty."

(Man, vir), O.G. Dugiman, Tugeman – A.S. Ducemann – Eng. Tugman, Duckman. (Mar, famous), O.G. Daumerus – Eng. Dugmore. Probably from the noun, duguth, virtue, A.S. Dogod – Eng. Doggett, Dugood.

Erl, supposed same as "earl."

(Bad, war), O.G. Erlebad – Eng. Hurlbat (Bert, famous), O.G. Erlebert – Eng. Hurlburt. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Erleher – Eng. Hurler. (Wine, friend), O.G. Erliwin, A.S. Herlawine – Eng. Urlwin.

Evor, "boar."

(Hard, fortis), O.G. Everhard – Eng. Everard, Earheart. (Rad, counsel), O.G. Eburrad – Eng. Evered, Everett. (Ric, rule), O.G. Eburicus – Eng. Every. (Wacar, watchful), O.G. Eburacar – Eureuuacre, Domesday– Eng. Earwaker. (Wig, war), O.G. Eberwic – A.S. Earwig – Eng. Earwig.

Anglo-Saxon eâd, "prosperity."

(Burg, protection), A.S. Eadburh – Eng. Edbrook. (Gar, spear), A.S. Eadgar – Eng. Edgar. (Mund, protection), A.S. Eadmund – Eng. Edmond. (Ric, rule), A.S. Eadric – Eng. Edridge. (Ward), A.S. Eadweard – Eng. Edward. (Wig, war), A.S. Eadwig – Eng. Edwick. (Wulf), A.S. Eadwulf – Eng. Edolph. (Wacar, watchful), O.G. Odoacer – A.S. Edwaker – Eng. Eddiker?

Far, fare, signifying "travel."

(And, life, spirit), O.G. Ferrand, Eng. Ferrand. (Gaud, Goth), O.G. Faregaud – Eng. Farragut, Forget. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Feriher – Eng. Ferrier. (Man), O.G. Faraman – Fareman, Hund. Rolls– Eng. Fairman. (Mund, protection), O.G. Faramund – Eng. Farrimond. (Ward), O.G. Faroard – Eng. Forward.

Fard, also signifying "travel."

(Hari, warrior), A.S. Forthere – Eng. Forder. (Man), O.G. Fartman – Eng. Fortyman. (Nand, daring), O.G. Ferdinand – Eng. Ferdinand. (Rad, counsel), Forthred, Lib. Vit., – Eng. Fordred.

Fil, ful, signifying "great."

(Bert, famous), O.G. Filibert – Eng. Filbert. (Gar, spear), – Eng. Fullagar. (Leof, dear), O.G. Filuliub – Eng. Fullalove. (Man), O.G. Filiman – Eng. Fileman. (Mar, famous), A.S. Fealamar, O.G. Filomor – Eng. Fillmer, Phillimore. (Dio, thius, servant), O.G. Filethius – Eng. Filldew.

Frid, free,[14 - As an ending also frid commonly becomes free, as in Humphrey from Humfrid, Godfrey from Godfred, Geoffry from Galfrid.] signifying "peace."

(Bad, war), O.G. Fridibad – Eng. Freebout. (Bern, bear), O.G. Fridubern – Friebern Domesday– Eng. Freeborn. (Bod. envoy), O.G. Frithubodo – Eng. Freebody. (Lind, gentle), O.G. Fridulind – Frelond Hund. Rolls– Eng. Freeland. (Ric, rule), O.G. Frithuric – Eng. Frederick. (Stan, stone), A.S. Frithestan – Eng. Freestone.

Fin, supposed from "the nation."

(Bog, bow), Old Norse, Finbogi – Eng. Finbow. (Gar, spear), Old Norse, Finngeir – Eng. Finger.

Gad, of uncertain meaning, perhaps "friend."

(Man, vir), A.S. Cædmon – Eng. Cadman. (Leof, dear), – Eng. Gatliffe.

Gal, signifying "spirit, cheerfulness."

(And, life, spirit), Galaunt, Hund. Rolls– Eng. Galland, Gallant. (Frid, peace), A.S. Galfrid, Gaufrid – Eng. Geoffry. (Hard), Gallard Hund. Rolls– Eng. Gallard. (Wig, war), O.G. Geilwih – Galaway, Hund. Rolls– Eng. Galloway.

Gand, signifying "wolf."

(Hari, warrior), O.G. Ganthar – A.S. Gandar – Eng. Gander, Ganter. (Ric, rule), O.G. Gendirih, Cantrih – Eng. Gentery, Gentry, Chantrey.

Gar, signifying "spear."

(Bad, war), O.G. Kerpat – Eng. Garbett. (Bald), O.G. Garibald, Kerbald – Eng. Gorbold, Corbould. (Brand, sword), O.G. Gerbrand – Eng. Garbrand. (Brun, bright), O.G. Gerbrun – Eng. Gorebrown. (Bod, envoy), O.G. Gaerbod – Gerbode Lib. Vit.– Eng. Garbutt. (Hard), O.G. Garehard – Eng. Garrard. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Garoheri, Caroheri – Eng. Carary, Carrier. (Lac, play), O.G. Gerlac – Eng. Garlick. (Man), O.G. Garaman – A.S. Jaruman – Eng. Garman, Jarman. (Mund, protection), O.G. Garimund – Eng. Garment. (Noth, bold), O.G. Garnot – Eng. Garnett. (Rod, red), O.G. Kaerrod – Old Norse, Geirraudr Eng. Garrod. (Laif, relic), O.G. Gerlef – Eng. Gerloff. (Ferhth, life, spirit), Gerferth, Lib. Vit.– Eng. Garforth. (Stan, stone), O.G. Kerstin – Eng. Garstin. (Wald, power), O.G. Garold – Eng. Garrold. (Was, keen), O.G. Gervas – Eng. Jervis. (Wid, wood), O.G. Gervid – Eng. Garwood. (Wig, war), O.G. Garavig, Gerwi – Eng. Garroway, Garvey. (Wine, friend), O.G. Gerwin, Caroin – Eng. Curwen?[15 - This name might perhaps be from the Irish Cwaran, whence probably the present Curran. This name appears also to have been sometimes borrowed by the Northmen, as in the case of Olaf Cwaran.] (Van, beauty), O.G. Geravan – Eng. Caravan.

Gan, gen, supposed to mean "magic, sorcery."

(Bert, famous), O.G. Gimbert – Eng. Gimbert. (Had, war), O.G. Genad – Eng. Gennett. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Genear, Ginheri – Eng. Genner, Jennery. (Rid, ride), O.G. Generid – Eng. Jeannerett.

Gab, Geb, Eng. "give."

(Bert, famous), O.G. Gibert – Eng. Gippert. (Hard), O.G. Gebahard, Givard – Eng. Giffard. (Hari, warrior), O.G. Gebaheri – Eng. Gaffery.

Gart, cart, signifying "protection."

(Hari, warrior), O.G. Gardar, Karthar – Eng. Garter, Carder. (Dio, servant), O.G. Cartdiuha – Eng. Carthew. (Ric, rule), A.S. Gyrdhricg – Eng. Cartridge.