1111
E. Doutté, Magie et religion dans l'Afrique du Nord, pp. 288-292.
1112
“Eenige mededeelingen betreffende Rote door een inlandischen Schoolmeester,” Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde, xxvii. (1882) p. 554; N. Graafland, “Eenige aanteekeningen op ethnographisch gebied ten aanzien van het eiland Rote,” Mededeelingen van wege het Nederlandsche Zendelinggenootschap, xxxiii. (1889) pp. 373 sq.
1113
J. Spieth, Die Ewe-Stämme, p. 533.
1114
M. Jastrow, The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria, pp. 268, 270.
1115
J. G. Dalyell, Darker Superstitions of Scotland, p. 307.
1116
Al Baidawī's Commentary on the Koran, chap. 113, verse 4. I have to thank my friend Prof. A. A. Bevan for indicating this passage to me, and furnishing me with a translation of it.
1117
E. Palmer, “Notes on some Australian Tribes,” Journal of the Anthropological Institute, xiii. (1884) p. 293. The Tahitians ascribed certain painful illnesses to the twisting and knotting of their insides by demons (W. Ellis, Polynesian Researches,
i. 363).
1118
Pliny, Nat. Hist. xxviii. 48.
1119
C. Fossey, La Magie assyrienne (Paris, 1902), pp. 83 sq.; R. Campbell Thompson, Semitic Magic (London, 1908), pp. 164 sqq.
1120
R. Campbell Thompson, Semitic Magic, pp. 168 sq.
1121
E. O'Donovan, The Merv Oasis (London, 1882), ii. 319.
1122
J. Spieth, Die Ewe-Stämme, p. 531.
1123
R. C. Maclagan, M.D., “Notes on Folklore Objects collected in Argyleshire,” Folk-lore, vi. (1895) pp. 154-156. In the north-west of Ireland divination by means of a knotted thread is practised in order to discover whether a sick beast will recover or die. See E. B. Tylor, in International Folk-lore Congress, 1891, Papers and Transactions, pp. 391 sq.
1124
R. Chambers, Popular Rhymes of Scotland, New Edition, p. 349. Grimm has shewn that the words of this charm are a very ancient spell for curing a lame horse, a spell based on an incident in the myth of the old Norse god Balder, whose foal put its foot out of joint and was healed by the great master of spells, the god Woden. See J. Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie,
i. 185, ii. 1030 sq. Christ has been substituted for Balder in the more modern forms of the charm both in Scotland and Germany.
1125
W. Crooke, Popular Religion and Folk-lore of Northern India (Westminster, 1896), i. 279.
1126
Virgil, Ecl. viii. 78-80. Highland sorcerers also used three threads of different colours with three knots tied on each thread. See J. G. Dalyell, Darker Superstitions of Scotland, p. 306.
1127
J. Wellhausen, Reste arabischen Heidentums
(Berlin, 1897), p. 163.
1128
Dudley Kidd, The Essential Kafir, p. 263.
1129
C. Velten, Sitten und Gebräuche der Suaheli (Göttingen, 1903), p. 317.
1130
David Leslie, Among the Zulus and Amatongas (Edinburgh, 1875), p. 147.
1131
Gríhya-Sûtras, translated by H. Oldenberg, part i. p. 432, part ii. p. 127 (Sacred Books of the East, vols. xxix., xxx.).
1132
J. Shooter, The Kafirs of Natal and the Zulu Country (London, 1857), pp. 217 sq.
1133
E. Aymonier, Notes sur le Laos (Saigon, 1885), pp. 23 sq.
1134