Callaway, Rel. of Amazulu, p. 67.
434
Folk Lore Journal, South Africa, ii. iv. 1880, p. 59, et seq.
435
Golden Bough, i. 155; ii. 10. Dos Santos, in Pinkerton, xvi. 682-687, et seq.
436
Dos Santos; in Pinkerton, xvi. 687. He confuses Quiteva, the country, and the king, the Quiteva. Cf. supra, p. 97 note 3.
437
Macdonald, Africana, i. 66, 67. For etymological guesses, and the application of Mulungu (as of Barimo) to ancestral spirits, and the statement that 'all things in the world were made by Mulungu,' who was prior to death, see Africana, and Mr. Clement Scott's Dictionary of the Mang'anja Language in British Central Africa, and Making of Religion, pp. 232-238.
438
Beiderbecke, F. L. Journal, South Africa, iv. v. 88-97.
439
Callaway, p. 124.
440
Callaway, pp. 74-76.
441
Callaway, p. 55, note 4.
442
For India see Archaic-logical Notes on Ancient Sculpturings on Rocks in Kumaon, India, by Mr. J. H. Bivett-Carnac, Calcutta, 1883. The form of the Jew's harp is common to India and Scotland.
443
Proceedings S.A.S., June 1875. 'Ohio Rock Markings.'
444
Ancient Sculpturings of Cups, Circles, &c. Edinburgh, 1871.
445
Proceedings S.A.S. vol. xxx. 1896, pp. 291-316.
446
Spencer and Gillen, p. 632, Nos. 14-23. 'Ilkinia and Plum Tree Totem.'
447
The evidence for Australian slate spear-heads is not strong. Capt. King acquired a bundle of bark in a raid on natives. It contained 'several, spear-heads, most ingeniously and curiously made of stone … the stone was covered with red pigment, and appeared to be of a flinty slate.' – See The Picture of Australia, p. 243. London, 1829.
448
Simpson, pp. 182-184.
449
Both, Natives of N. W. Queensland, p. 129, pi. xvii.
450
Journal Anthrop. Institute, May 1895, p. 410, pi. 21, fig. 7.
451
Some wooden churinga are engraved, as 'Australian Magic Sticks,' in Ratzel's popular History of Mankind, i. 379. They exactly answer to the churinga of the Arunta.
452
Royal Irish Academy, Cunningham Memoirs, No. x. 1894.
453
For cups, see Spencer and Gillen, p. 129; for concentric circles, see p. 131.
454
The tribal stores of churinga are not the same as the places where churinga were dropped in the Alcheringa.
455
Proceedings S.A.S. vol. xxix. p. 193. Spencer and Gillen, fig. 132, No. 6.
456
S.A.S. 1884-5, vol. vii. pp. 388-394. Compare, for County Meath, the same work, 1892-93, pp. 297-338.
457
See the author's Custom and Myth: The Bull Roarer. Prof. Haddon has discovered many other instances; see also The Golden Bough, iii. 423 et seq.
458